These include 1 arab (equal to 100 crore or 1 billion ( short scale)), 1 kharab (equal to 100 arab or 100 billion ( short scale)), 1 nil (sometimes transliterated as neel equal to 100 kharab or 10 trillion), 1 padma (equal to 100 nil or 1 quadrillion), 1 shankh (equal to 100 padma or 100 quadrillion), and 1 mahashankh (equal to 100 shankh or 10 quintillion). There are terms for numbers larger than 1 crore as well, but these are not commonly used. The Indian and most English systems both use the decimal point and the comma digit-separator, while some other languages and countries using the Western numbering system use the decimal comma and the thin space or point to group digits. Written numbers differ in the placement of commas, grouping digits into powers of one hundred (10 2) in the Indian system (except for the first thousand), and into powers of one thousand (10 3) in the Western system. In the Western system, the next powers of ten are called one hundred thousand, one million, ten million, one hundred million, one billion ( short scale)/one thousand million ( long scale), and so on in the short scale, there are new words for every third power of ten (10 3n): million (10 6), billion (10 9), trillion (10 12), etc.

In the Indian system, the next powers of ten are called one lakh, ten lakh, one crore, ten crore, one arab (or one hundred crore), and so on there are new words for every second power of ten (10 5 + 2n): lakh (10 5), crore (10 7), arab (10 9), kharab (10 11), etc. For higher powers of ten, the names no longer correspond. The Indian numbering system corresponds to the Western system for the zeroth through fourth powers of ten: one (10 0), ten (10 1), one hundred (10 2), one thousand (10 3), and ten thousand (10 4). The terms lakh or 1,00,000 (one hundred thousand, written as 100,000 outside India) and crore or 1,00,00,000 (ten million written as 10,000,000 outside India) are the most commonly used terms in Indian English to express large numbers in the system. The Indian numbering system is used in the Indian subcontinent ( Bangladesh, Bhutan, India, Maldives, Nepal, Pakistan, Sri Lanka) and Afghanistan to express large numbers.

Without proper rendering support, you may see question marks or boxes, misplaced vowels or missing conjuncts instead of Indic text.

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